A single case of Marburg virus is threatening to derail the current efforts to control the Ebola outbreak in Uganda. The bulk of Ebola is concentrated in the Democratic Republic of Congo; however, with the introduction of another hemorrhagic disease, complications are compounding.

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On Tuesday, Uganda formally reported to the World Health Organization that it had detected a single Marburg case as a disease outbreak in the western part of the country. A spokesperson for the Geneva-based global health agency told STAT News of the outbreak. This development could further complicate the effort to contain what is already the third-largest Ebola outbreak on record in Central Africa.

Both diseases are viral hemorrhagic fevers. However, Marburg is caused by a filovirus, the broad family to which Ebolaviruses belong. The current Ebola virus is the Bundibugyo strain, which is caused by the Orthoebolavirus bundibugyoense virus. Both viruses trigger the same type of disease and are spread via contact with the bodily fluids of an infected person or the preparation of an infected corpse for traditional burials.

Symptoms are similar as well, and can progress to bleeding from the nose, mouth, or eyes.

“We continue to request further information, and once this is received from Ugandan health authorities, we will continue to update Member States and the wider public,” the WHO said in a statement given to STAT News.

So far, there are no treatments or vaccines for either virus; however, vaccine candidates are in the works.

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This outbreak could make it more difficult to tell the difference between the two viruses. Testing is likely to increase in the aftermath of this revelation.

As of June 30, 2026, there are 1,307 confirmed Ebola cases in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and 20 confirmed cases in Uganda, bringing the combined total of cases to 1,327. The outbreak has resulted in 377 deaths in the DRC and 2 deaths in Uganda.

While Uganda has been notorious for combating outbreaks of Marburg, it is also not great at readily sharing information with health authorities.